It is hereby ordered and declared that: Defendants Andrew Wheeler, Acting Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and Mike Stoker, Regional Administrator, Region 9, EPA, are in violation of the Clean Air Act with regard to their mandatory, nondiscretionary duty under 42 U.S.C. § 7410(k)(1)(B) to make findings that the State of California has failed to submit for the San Joaquin Valley three overdue nonattainment state implementation plans addressing nonattainment of the 1997, 2006, and 2012 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for fine particulate matter (PM2.5).