Line 5 Pipeline: Michigan Tunnel

Line 5 crosses more than 280 rivers and streams, many of which are interconnected and flow to the Great Lakes and the Straits of Mackinac, and throughout which Bay Mills has treaty-protected fishing, hunting, and gathering rights. The Great Lakes are the largest source of surface fresh water in the world, supplying drinking water for 48 million people.

Case Overview

Earthjustice, in partnership with the Native American Rights Fund, represents the Bay Mills Indian Community in the Tribal Nation’s fight to protect the Straits and the Tribe’s treaty rights throughout waters in Michigan.

In 2020, Bay Mills Indian Community became the first Tribal nation to intervene in a proceeding before the Michigan Public Service Commission to contest Enbridge’s proposal to build and reroute the Line 5 oil pipeline with a tunnel in the Straits of Mackinac, a 4-mile-wide waterway that connects Lake Michigan and Lake Huron.

The Public Service Commission is one of the agencies that will determine whether Enbridge can build a massive tunnel to house a new segment of its Line 5 pipeline.

In 2010, Enbridge was responsible for the largest inland oil spill in our nation’s history when another of its pipelines (Line 6B) released nearly one million gallons of oil into Michigan’s Kalamazoo River.

In a related case, the Bad River Band of Lake Superior Chippewa is challenging the environmental review of a plan by Enbridge Energy to relocate part of the Line 5 pipeline where it runs through the Bad River watershed. Earthjustice is representing the Bad River Band in its legal fight.

Bob Gravelle, Bay Mills Tribal citizen, fishes on Spectacle Lake in Bay Mills.
Bob Gravelle, Bay Mills Tribal citizen, fishes on Spectacle Lake in Bay Mills. (Whitney Gravelle)

Case Updates

The Pipe Out Paddle Up Floatilla Against the Line 5 pipeline in Mackinaw City, Michigan, on Saturday, September 3, 2022.
August 12, 2026 Press Release

Tribes Slam U.S. Army Corps for Approving Line 5 Tunnel

Enbridge still needs a new permit from the Michigan Public Service Commission

August 6, 2026 In the News: WXPR

Michigan Line 5 ruling renews fight over Great Lakes protections

Adam Ratchenski, Attorney, Midwest Office: “This is not a case where an agency looked at 95% of the issues and the court said, ‘Just go back and do the other 5%.’ The court rejected the commission’s framework of analysis and sent this back to the drawing board. It didn’t say go back and do a little more; it said go back and do it right this time.”

August 5, 2026 In the News: Wisconsin Public Radio

Federal appeals court finds Enbridge trespassing on tribal lands, must remove Line 5

Stefanie Tsosie, Attorney, Tribal Partnerships Program: “Each day, Enbridge operates Line 5 in illegal trespass and makes more than a million dollars in profit. We are hopeful that Enbridge will face meaningful consequences.”