Protecting Hawai’i’s Reef from the Aquarium Trade

Important wildlife in Hawai’i’s reef ecosystems are being captured for private aquariums, exposing the reefs to algal growth and robbing them of resiliency. Earthjustice is fighting to stop this destructive practice so that Hawaii’s reefs have a fighting chance to survive.

Case Overview

Aquarium collectors capture hundreds of thousands of fish and invertebrates from Hawaiʻi’s reefs every year. Alarmingly, the Hawaiʻi’s Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) has stated that this should be considered a minimum estimate because it does not verify the accuracy of submitted catch reports.

The collected animals are primarily herbivorous, reef-dwellers that serve unique functions in the coral reef ecosystem, such as helping to control algae growth.

Studies have shown that reducing diversity of reef fish and shellfish affects a reef’s ability to respond to stresses or disturbances. This is vitally important as reefs come under serious pressure from global threats, including climate change and ocean acidification.

In a series of lawsuits, Earthjustice filed suit on behalf of local conservation groups to stop the reckless collection of marine animals that threaten to empty Hawaiʻi reefs.

An aquarium collector takes fish from a reef in Hawai`i.
An aquarium collector takes fish from a reef in Hawai`i. (Brooke Everett)

Case Updates

October 27, 2025 Press Release

Land Board Advances Plan to Re-Open Hawaiʻi Waters to Aquarium Pet Industry

Rulemaking decision follows the agency’s prior vote to ban reef fish collection and intense public opposition to the capture and sale of native reef wildlife

October 16, 2025 document

Appeal Hawai‘i Board of Land and Natural Resources Aquarium Collection 10-16-25

Appeal of September 26, 2025 State of Hawai‘i Board of Land and Natural Resources’ Order Denying Petition For Declaratory Ruling. Appellants take issue with and specifically appeal the Board’s conclusions that it lacks authority to prohibit commercial aquarium collection under HRS §§ 190-3 and 188-31.

October 10, 2024 document

Aquarium Fish Trade Petition: Hawaii Dept. of Land and Nat. Resources

Petition challenging the Hawaii Board of Land and Natural Resources for a declaratory ruling, in connection with its approval of a petition for rulemaking to prohibit commercial aquarium collection in the State of Hawai‘i.